Sara Lilli is graduated in law at the University of Pisa, she is currently a PhD student in the National PhD Program in Cybersecurity, affiliated with both the Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies (DIRPOLIS Institute – Law, Politics and Development) and the IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca. Her research explores the legal and regulatory challenges posed by cybercrime, which increasingly test the boundaries of traditional criminal law and procedure. The project focuses on the need for an effective legal framework to address cybercrimes at the national, European and international levels, with particular attention to the role of private companies – especially digital service providers and telecom operators – in ensuring compliance and cooperating with public authorities. Adopting a multidisciplinary perspective, it emphasizes public-private cooperation in protecting digital infrastructure, supporting incident response and working with law enforcement, while assessing voluntary initiatives and legal safeguards.